How does a validator join the primary network versus a subnet?

• A. Validators stake directly on a subnet to join that subnet's validator set.
• B. Validators must be elected by the governing body to join the P-Chain.
• C. Validators stake on the P-Chain to participate in the global set.
• D. Validators stake on the C-Chain to gain access to the subnet pool.

Answer: (C)

On Avalanche, the validator joining process is centered on the P-Chain, which coordinates validators and subnets. Validators stake AVAX on the P-Chain to become part of the global validator set. Subnets each have their own validator sets, but these are drawn from the global pool of validators on the P-Chain rather than requiring separate stake on the subnet itself. So, staking on the P-Chain enables you to participate in the overall network and be allocated to any subnet as needed.

Staking directly on a subnet isn’t how you join the primary network; validators are selected for a subnet from the global P-Chain stake rather than staking within the subnet. The idea of being elected by a governing body doesn’t apply to the standard staking model here, and staking on the C-Chain is related to contracts rather than validator participation.